This site uses cookies to analyze visitor usage and improve usability.
For more information, please review ourcookie policyin our Terms of Use.
Please select “Agree” to continue browsing the site.

Research for Secure Development and Success of Missions Advancement of basic technologies on mechanisms and materials for expanding space activities Technology to increase the size and speed of drive systems in a vacuum

To expand the area of activity on the Moon, we are developing a pressurized rover equipped with a chamber that allows the crew to spend time without space suits. Figure 1 shows a conceptual view of a manned pressurized rover.
The rover aims to achieve a speed of 10 to 15 km/h, a range of approximately 15,000 km, and an operational period of approximately 10 years*, which are far more challenging than past lunar rovers have achieved.

One of the technical issues that must be cleared to achieve this driving performance is the lubrication system for the driving drivetrain. In this research, we investigate the lubrication of the drive system that transmits the rotation of the motor to the wheels and the axle support that receives the vehicle body load.

* Planned values as of November 2021

Figure 1: conceptual view of a manned pressurized rover

An example of research results

Study of gearboxes with large amounts of oil

As shown in Figure 2, the drive system of a manned pressurized rover is designed to transmit the motor's driving force to the wheels at high torque and low speed through a transmission. The transmission is composed of multiple gears, but the gear tooth surfaces, which transmit power over a small area, are subject to wear and must be properly lubricated.

Figure 2: the drive system of a manned pressurized rover

Until now, the sliding parts of spacecraft mechanisms have been lubricated with a small amount of low-vapor pressure oil or a solid lubrication film, but the operating conditions of this drive system are unprecedentedly harsh, and we plan to adopt a completely new lubrication system for spacecraft. Specifically, the plan is to adopt a method of forcibly cooling and lubricating the transmission by injecting a large amount of lubricating oil containing additives to add wear resistance into the transmission and circulate.

If this method can be realized, we will have a lubrication technology that can handle larger, faster spacecraft. We are currently evaluating oil evaporation and sliding characteristics in the lunar environment and researching mechanical parts such as gears, oil pumps, and oil seals.

Research on roller bearings and plain bearings for high load around axles

No other rover in the world has been equipped with a pressurized chamber that allows the crew to travel without space suits. As a result, the rover will be larger, and the bearings that support the body load will be subjected to higher loads than in the previous spacecraft. The load-bearing body must withstand long-distance travel under high loads, and research is underway to establish a lubrication technology for the bearings.